Ethereum Transaction Analysis: Understanding Obscure OP Codes
As a Python developer, you are probably familiar with the unique transaction format of the Ethereum blockchain. However, when working with transactions containing non-standard TX (transactions) and ambiguous OP-codes, they can be difficult to understand.
In this article, we will delve into the world of Ethereum transactions and look at some examples of non-standard TX with ambiguous OP codes. We will also provide explanations and information that will help you better understand these mysterious blocks.
What is a transaction (TX) in Ethereum?
A transaction in the Ethereum blockchain consists of several components:
- Header: The header contains transaction metadata such as sender’s public address, receiver’s public address, and gas limit.
- Body text: The body contains actual data that is transferred between accounts.
- Witness
: A witness is a small value that is added to the body of a transaction to verify its correctness.
Understanding OP Codes
OP codes are an integral part of Ethereum transactions. These are the instructions that the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) can execute. Here are some common OP codes:
0x00: does not work
0x01: Continuous click
0x02: push variable
0x03: call function
0x04: Takeaway
- “0x05”: multiply
0x06: divide
0x07: module
0x08: get field offset
0x09: set field offset
Examples of non-standard TX with ambiguous OP codes
Let’s take the example you gave:
scriptPubKey: "...
txHash: 77822fd6663c665104119cb7635352756dfc50da76a92d417ec1a12c518fad69"
Here are some examples of non-standard TX with ambiguous OP codes that may shed light on the operation of this mysterious block:
0x00000001: This OP is used to push a constant value onto the stack. In this case, the value representing the transaction hash (for example, the hexadecimal representation of the block number) is most likely passed.
0x00000004: This OP-code is used to subtract one value from another. Operands will most likely be passed as constants.
0x00000003: This OP code is used to call the function. In this case, it is probably the "tx.origin" field, which contains information about the origin of the transaction.
Ideas and Tips
When working with non-standard TX with ambiguous OP codes, please note:
Always checkscriptPubKey’ to understand what data is being sent.
- Check the “txHash” by checking its hexadecimal representation or using a tool like Etherscan.
- When working with transactions, it is important to understand the roles and values involved.
After analyzing these examples and understanding the OP’s code, you will be better prepared to handle more complex Ethereum transactions in your Python code. Happy analysis!